Organizational Development Term Paper Essay

2.1 MEANING OF HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT (HRD) (Rao 1990) Human asset improvement is the way toward helping individuals to secure mastery. In a hierarchical setting, it is the procedure by which associations help their workers in a ceaseless and arranged manner so as to: †¢ gain or hone the capacities required to perform different capacities related with their present or anticipated future jobs; †¢ build up their general abilities as people, find and use their internal potential for their own or potentially authoritative improvement purposes; †¢ build up a hierarchical culture in which administrator subordinate connections, cooperation and joint effort among sub-units are solid and add to the expert prosperity, inspiration, and pride of representatives. The Human asset advancement process is encouraged by components (instruments or sub frameworks, for example, execution evaluation, preparing, authoritative turn of events (OD) criticism and directing, vocation improvement, likely turn of events, work revolution and prizes. Representatives are helped continually so as to make them to get new aptitudes. This guide is offered through a procedure of arranging, execution, criticism and preparing. It likewise incorporates, appraisal of the formative needs, intermittent surveys of execution, and the production of improvement openings through preparing, work revolution, obl igation definition and comparative different systems. THE CONCEPT OF HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT (HRD) Human asset advancement is a people-situated idea that centers around building up the abilities, information and skills of individuals. Human asset advancement can be applied both at the hierarchical level just as the national level. Different creators have not yet been completely effective in imagining the entire idea of human asset advancement. They have characterized the term from their point of view because of the way that it is an ongoing idea and in this manner is still in the conceptualizing stage. Long lasting learning has become a significant theme under the globalization point of view, the entire world forms into a â€Å"learning society† (Gass,â 1996). Work associations are turning out to be significant accomplices in this learning society, as they give an ever increasing number of chances to ceaseless figuring out how to their representatives with the target to streamline authoritative learning in general (Karen et al., 2001). Notwithstanding the developing number of distributions on Human Resource Developments (HRDs) job in hierarchical learning numerous vulnerabilities remain. Notwithstanding, many intriguing activities are being attempted by HRD experts in encouraging representative learning and expert turn of events (Tjepkema, 2000). Numerous associations have renamed their preparation offices to human asset advancement divisions. Shockingly a few associations renamed their staff divisions to human asset advancement offices. Some instructive establishments began granting degrees and confirmations in human asset advancement, with the reality remaining that the idea isn't yet perfectly clear. It is an idea not all that old that adequate human info could have been conceivable. The idea of human asset advancement was presented by Nadler (1984) in a gathering composed by the American culture for preparing and improvement. Nadler (1984) characterizes human asset improvement as â€Å"Those learning encounters, which are composed for a particular time and intended to achieve the chance of conduct and attitudinal change. 23 General Assembly goals 44/213 of UN in 1989 states: Quote†¦ â€Å"HRD is an expansive concept†requiring incorporated and thought systems, arrangements plans and projects to guarantee the improvement of the maximum capacity of human beingsâ€so that they may, separately and all in all, be equipped for improving their standard of living†.â€â€unquote. Alvin Toffler, the creator of â€Å"future shock† and â€Å"The Third Wave† expounded on the significance of learning in the 21st Century and how the utilization of learning abilities will mean proficiency. The definition he utilized has more significance than any time in recent memory in current occasions and can fill in as a check for us as people and as associations both in estimating our own ideas in regards to HRD aptitudes and in arranging learning encounters with others. The term learning experience alludes to deliberate or purposeful learning not coincidental learning asâ cited by John (2005). Hierarchical view point is that human asset advancement is a procedure wherein the representatives of an association are persuaded to obtain and create specialized, administrative and conduct information aptitudes and capacities (John 2005). Their qualities convictions and mentalities are reshaped so as to perform present and future jobs by discharging the most elevated human potential with the end goal of contributing emphatically to individual’s social objectives just as the hierarchical objectives. A similar examination of these definitions appears to be intricate and complete as it manages the formative parts of the considerable number of segments of HR. Moreover, it manages all ranges of abilities, the present and future authoritative needs and parts of commitments at hierarchical level. The examination of the definitions further shows that there are three viewpoints in human asset improvement: †¢ Organizational workers are helped and persuaded †¢ Various parts of HR are procured, created and formed †¢ Contribute to the authoritative, gathering, individual and social objectives. At first the aiding and rousing components of human asset improvement, as authoritative structure and atmosphere, human asset advancement atmosphere, human asset advancement information and abilities of administrators and asset arranging enrollment and choice might be called empowering factors. The subsequent angle manages procedures or strategies, which intend to procure, create and shape up the different HR. These procedures incorporate; execution examination, possible evaluation, profession arranging, and advancement, preparing, the executives improvement, social and social projects, laborers investment in the board and quality circles. The third class incorporates the results commitment of the human asset improvement procedure to the objectives of the association, gathering, people and society. 2.3 ELEMENTS OF HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT: Coming up next are the components of human asset improvement talked about in detail: †¢ human asset improvement exercises to be the joint duty ofâ various target functionaries, for example, supervisors, govt. functionaries and if there should be an occurrence of instruction, educators and guardians too. †¢ decreasing direct enrollment by retraining and, redeployment of existing labor, in order to energize polished methodology with a sensible elevate to the status of an expert methodology uncommonly required in training. †¢ putting accentuation on human asset improvement methodologies which would reasonably coordinate the individual and authoritative needs, with uncommon reference to instructor instruction where learners are getting a charge out of twofold job †as an understudy and as an educator additionally this amplifies the centrality of expert should be tended to on need. †¢ utilizing preparing as the principle human asset improvement system; using execution and potential examination not just as components for choosing prizes and disciplines however as a powerful apparatus for advancement, as a prepared individual an educator for this situation has likewise to lead his/her understudies to 25 an ideal prospects of advancement and inventiveness which will be unthinkable without quality improvement considered in preparing degree. In any case, moving a piece past by consolidating all parts of HRD which are required for creating gentler pictures in the characters of these learners who should encourage understudies as opposed to maneuvering into a hard, harsh and predicament where the milder parts of students’ characters have scarcely any space to develop. †¢ making occupations increasingly significant and giving difficulties and inborn inspiration so they become the most grounded sparks, as without appropriate inspiration both at instructors and understudies end, canvas of imagination can't be augmented. †¢ building up the line staff as skillful asset individuals for human asset advancement, in nature of scholarly improvement for quality confirmation. †¢ leading intermittent audits of the hierarchical wellbeing presenting appropriate intercessions on a drawn out premise yet with a reasonable/useful recurrence to make the improvement . †¢ empowering, receiving and exploring different avenues regarding new mediations focused on HR advancement and generously reassuring examination and to discover new skyline for mental gauge of student instructors. †¢ directing ordinary review of the viability of the work force and human asset advancement frameworks, with the goal that this framework is obliged to be monetarily suitable and commonsense. †¢ creating and actualizing an instrument for explanation of objectives and jobs for people and gatherings; and making them equipped for objective situated. That will make their activity specialists with a worry to time imperatives. †¢ masterminding a ceaseless trade of thoughts with prominent experts, so the improvement procedure covers more extensive canvas and includes common intrigue and comprehension. 2.4 DIMENSIONS OF HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT (HRD) Human asset advancement is viewed as the way to higher efficiency, better relations and more prominent productivity for any association. Iqbal (2007) says human efficiency is urgent for development and endurance of associations. Cheney (2002) bolstered the idea that higher efficiency prompts extreme cultural advantages. To the extent the measurements/parts/sub-frameworks of human asset advancement are concerned, instruments of human res

Discuss the Character and Functions of Sandra Essay Example for Free

Examine the Character and Functions of Sandra Essay Excellent Thing is set in London this is utilized to show what Sandras character resembles. Sandra Gangle is an extreme white collar class lady, who lives in a clean gathering level in South London. Sandra is house glad she enjoys everything in it to be pleasant looking. A case of this is the hanging crates holding tight the divider outside her home. Sandra additionally cares for her self we can tell this by the Body Shop items on the floor. Sandra has numerous jobs in this play, which incorporate being mother, neighbor, barmaid, single parent, workingwoman and a sweetheart. Sandra is a survivor as in she is raising a child completely all alone and she needs to pay for everything her self. At the point when I had three pee in my tote I went looting for that kid This Indicates Sandras unwaveringness towards to her child, and the amount she thinks about him and attempts to accommodate him. An elective case of how denied Sandra was that I couldnt bear the cost of a bed This demonstrates anyway much Sandra attempted and looted she still couldnt manage the cost of the nuts and bolts. Sandra is additionally exceptionally oppressive, utilizing foul language to affront individuals. A genuine case of Sandras oppressive language is the primary expression of the play, which is SLAG. This shows a significant piece of Sandras character and is utilized to put things in place for the remainder of the story. In spite of the fact that Sandra utilizes foul language she forestalls Jamie utilizing it by saying Language, Jamie! at the point when he reveals to Leah I dont need fuckin elp. This is on the grounds that it is rude to use to terrible language and she needs to bring him up as well as could be expected. Foul language is for the most part used to add pressure to the story. Sandra character is brutal in the manner that she converses with individuals. This can be exhibited by the manner in which she converses with Leah on a few events Face realities Leah, no bugger needs you and shut up By saying this Sandra is being awkward and heartless towards Leahs emotions. Sandra is generally negligent towards Leah. Sandra is additionally unforgiving in the manner she depicts Steves father We all realize his father calfskins him, Im just having a giggle. This is utilized to exhibit how unfeeling and inhumane Sandra truly is. Steves father was extremely forceful towards him on various events. He punches him for know reason and even tossed him out once for consuming the toast. Once when Steve was tossed out he went round to see Sandra to disclose what had befallen him. The sort of caring individual that Sandra is she took him in. In the wake of tuning in to Steve she disclosed to him he could remain the night. At that point said this to Steves father Your little Stevens round at our place today around evening time. Ive each psyche to report you. This shows the delicate and caring side that Sandra has. Among all Sandras duties she attempts her best to screen Jamies progress at school. Sandra ensures this by the expression I will check your schoolwork when I get in. This is to guarantee he is progressing admirably. Sandra is additionally entirely questionable like when she should check Jamies schoolwork she doesnt despite the fact that she guarantees also do as such. Telling Jamie Ooh, Sod that, Im knackered gives a blended impression that she is attempting her best to give cash yet is shy of time because of working, and this is the reason she is drained. Another stunning point is that Sandra is inconceivably judgemental. Reaching antagonistic resolutions without considering the outcomes and influences that it has on others. Sandra demonstrates her character is judgemental by revealing to Leah A Leopard never changes its spots and a slapper never changes her pants. An elective case of Sandra being critical is the point at which she discloses to Jamie I need you inside. Shes an awful impact. Both these statements demonstrate how Sandra rushes to size up somebody. Moreover Sandra is additionally very egotistic and is quick to enlighten others regarding her accomplishments. Gloating to a gathering of companions revealing to them I won that draping crate in the south east Thames barmaid at the year grants. Sandra is demonstrating that she is essentially in excess of a normal barmaid the verification of this was winning the honor.

Describing Essay Topics For High School Students

Describing Essay Topics For High School StudentsThere are descriptive essay topics for high school students. Whether you're writing an essay about a specific subject, or even something as specific as the weather in your area, there are many topics that you can use to describe the subject. You should keep in mind that you need to be able to describe the subject matter in the essay in a way that is entertaining and interesting, but at the same time useful to the reader.A good description should entice the reader into reading more of the rest of the piece. If the information provided in the essay is not interesting or even downright boring, the reader will not be encouraged to continue reading the entire thing. By knowing how to craft descriptive essay topics for high school students, you can get them interested in reading the rest of the piece, even if they are not exactly passionate about the subject matter.One of the most important aspects of writing descriptive essays for high schoo l students is the accuracy of the information. In order to keep yourself from making some errors that would be considered grammatical mistakes, you should check all of the spelling and punctuation before you submit the essay. Mistakes in any part of the essay will most likely catch the attention of readers, and they may not continue reading it. If you do want to include a few mistakes, make sure that you fix them after you have written it.The goal of your descriptive essay for high school students should be to use the topic to your advantage. For example, if you are writing about the weather in your area, the first sentence should mention how bad it is, or why it is bad. This will allow the reader to know that you have researched the topic before writing the essay. You may want to also mention in the beginning what kind of weather the area gets in the summertime, so that people will know that your weather facts are accurate.Even the weather in your state's history should be included in your essay. For example, if you are writing about the Civil War in your state, then mention in the beginning of the essay that your main point is that the Civil War happened in your state. Your facts could be used as evidence to prove that your facts are accurate.While your topics for high school students should be relevant to the subject matter of the entire essay, you do not want to scare the reader off. You want to use the topic as a medium to introduce your students to the topic, without taking away from the overall impact that the essay has. You may want to mention that your essay can be read as a historical document in the end.It is also important to keep your descriptive essay topics for high school students simple, while still being useful to the reader. If you have a simple topic, then you will have fewer things to worry about if any of your facts are wrong. Having too many details may distract the reader, and can make it difficult to actually get the information across .Whether you're writing an essay about a particular subject, or about something as specific as the weather in your area, there are descriptive essay topics for high school students. Regardless of what type of topic you choose, you should follow a few basic tips, so that you are guaranteed to write a great piece.

Early Childhood Curriculum For New Zealand - 927 Words

Background This physiological approach is the early year’s curriculum for New Zealand was published in 1996 after there was consultation with practitioners from the child care sector. The values (Lee 2013 p.3) ‘reflected in Te Whariki’s focus on equity and respect for children’s rights (and responsibilities), together with the aim of supporting children growing up in a democracy in which they will make a contribution.’ Two people who were given the responsibility to develop the curriculum were; Helen May and Margret Carr, and this was in 1991. The completed document was then published in 1996. (Pound, 2014) Theory/philological approach This curriculum is made up of: goals, appropriate practice, principles, and aims.(Pound, 2014) (Blaiklock 2010 pg. 201-202) ‘the four principles are: Empowerment- the early childhood curriculum empowers the child to learn and grow, Holistic development-the early childhood curriculum reflects the holistic way children learn and grow, Family and community- the wider world of family and community is an integral part of the early childhood curriculum, Relationships- Children learn through responsive and reciprocal relationships with people, places and things.’ This approach then has five key strands wellbeing, belonging, contribution, communication and exploration. (Education and Zealand, 2013). These strands then have their own set of goals. What it says about children and how they learn It says that children learn though doing things ratherShow MoreRelatedThe Curriculum And Curriculum For Excellence Essay1326 Words   |  6 PagesEarly childhood education curriculums are becoming a national curriculum in most countries. With more governments and society thinking about education of under-fives we are seeing shifts in thinking and education to meet the changing world. We are developing children skills for the future to create a society where children feel they belong and can contribute to society. Curriculums are being influenced my social, political, cultural, historical and theoretical issues that are impacting differentRead MoreWhy Did The Treaty Of Waitangi Was Signed? Essay1560 Words   |  7 PagesIn the early 1800s New Zealand was an independent MÄ ori-controlled nation, in 1839; Captain William Hobson was given the job of bringing sovereignty to the land of New Zealand. The crown wanted to take part in the growing trade within New Zealand. There were many British missionaries working and living in New Zealand as residents already. MÄ ori and early visitors did not often get on. A lot of violence flared up because of alcohol and women as some of the British men who had been away for long periodsRead MoreTe Whariki1308 Words   |  6 PagesWhariki: Early Childhood Curriculum in which we follow as a framework for teaching in New Zealand. This report is going to cover the three broad age groups Te Whariki is based upon. It will explain the principles and strands of Te Whariki and the impact it has on a developing child. It will describe the purpose of Te Whariki and discuss ways it is used by early childhood education services throughout New Zealand. It will describe Te Whariki’s support for bi-culturalism throughout the early childhoodRead MoreIntroduction to Early Childhood Education928 Words   |  4 PagesAs a parent choosing an early childhood education service can be a daunting process. There are many types to choose f rom, many methods and philosophies to be aware of, and a range of quality indicators to consider. This paper will identify three indicators in childcare centres that helped with my decision and relate to my personal values and beliefs associated with early childhood education. The first indicator is an effective and relevant curriculum and how it is applied into the policyRead MoreInternational Perspectives on Early Childhood Education1070 Words   |  4 PagesAn increased awareness of the implications of quality experiences in the early years has resulted in a growing interest in early childhood education. Subsequently, this has generated an interest in differing examples of early childhood curriculums. The following essay will critique the international approach, Te Whà £riki and compare the New Zealand educational system to the Early Years Foundation Stage Curriculum of the United Kingdom. The essay will include reflection upon the similaritiesRead MoreSecond Language Learning And Teaching Essay1249 Words   |  5 PagesLearning and Teaching Part 1: Summaries of THREE texts Having read ‘Languages in Aotearoa New Zealand’, published on March 2013, by Royal Society of New Zealand, I was able to comprehend how important language diversity both individually and socially within New Zealand’s community. Language diversity is a major factor in life, which is often overlooked and often underappreciated in New Zealand. Even though, New Zealander’s have a range of cultures and religions, as a country, we do not legally recogniseRead MoreLiterature Review : The Home Language Essay1570 Words   |  7 PagesWestern countries (Kaur, 2010; Azzolina, 2007; Cavaluzzi, 2010); Del Carpio Del Carpio, 2015). The reports from Statistics (2013) shows that in New Zealand, most commonly spoken languages after English are Maori, Samoan, Hindi, Northern Chinese, French and Yue (Cantonese).This paper will focus on the benefits of learning two or more languages during the early years of education. The children with strong home language base learn other languages easily and it helps them to develop their cognitive, linguisticRead MoreProgram Planning in Early Childhood Education Essay1553 Words   |  7 PagesProgramme planning is a vital sector in diverse early childhood education (ECE) service to provide quality education and care for young children. There are many ways we could plan things. The planning will link to the document of desirable of objectives (DOPs), Te Whariki and the licensing criteria which provide by the government. Planning in ECE cycle has no beginning and no end; it is a continued cycle day after day, week after week and year after year. 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We will then be identifying and critically discussing two aspects of play that are particularly important to the centre, and examine their strengths and challenges with reference to contemporary play theory, curriculum planning, and images of the children, of children and learning. These two aspects include relationships and the notion of

Newfoundland and Labrador Facts

The most eastern province in Canada consists of the island of Newfoundland and Labrador which is on the mainland of Canada. Newfoundland and Labrador are the youngest Canadian province, joining Canada in 1949. Location of Newfoundland and Labrador The island of Newfoundland is at the mouth of the Gulf of St. Lawrence, with the Atlantic Ocean on the north, east and south. The island of Newfoundland is separated from Labrador by the Strait of Belle Isle. Labrador is on the northeastern tip of the Canadian mainland, with Quebec to the west and south, and the Atlantic Ocean down to the Strait of Belle Isle on the east. The northern tip of Labrador is on the Hudson Strait. See Interactive Map of Newfoundland and Labrador. Area of Newfoundland and Labrador 370,510.76 sq. km (143,055 sq. miles) (Statistics Canada, 2011 Census) Population of Newfoundland and Labrador 514,536 (Statistics Canada, 2011 Census) Capital City of Newfoundland and Labrador St. Johns, Newfoundland Date Newfoundland Entered Confederation March 31, 1949 See Joey Smallwood Biography. Government of Newfoundland Progressive Conservative Newfoundland Provincial Elections Last Newfoundland Provincial Election: October 11, 2011 Next Newfoundland Provincial Election: October 13, 2015 Premier of Newfoundland and Labrador Premier Paul Davis Main Newfoundland and Labrador Industries Energy, fisheries, mining, forestry, tourism

The Rover, By Aphra Behn Essay - 1205 Words

Literature, in its many forms, captures the essence of human experience. Emotions, memories, hopes, and dreams are all frozen in time so that they never be forgotten. Yet, time destroys all things, and as time marches on the purpose behind such raw displays of human essence are sometimes forgotten. Within a modern society, the idea that women have, and should, express their desires, passions, and opinions comes by naturally. However, this universal truth was not always deemed acceptable. There was a time where female sexuality, personal identity, and desires were simply dismissed. It is with this knowledge in mind that the meaning behind Aphra Behn’s comedy The Rover is felt in full force. With the historical context of the Restoration period taken into account, Behn’s work becomes something far more than just a play inspired to bring an audience a good laugh. It is a testament to the skill of a woman, who took the title of professional writer for herself, despite a ti me period where such an action was met with contemp. It is a critique on a society that held no respect for women as individuals. Finally, it is a subtle, but vital push to change that misogynistic view. Through a complex and developed female cast, as well as bold depictions of sexuality, Behn’s play critiques and challenges Restoration views of women. Before analyzing the play, itself, it is of significant importance to better understand the level of opposition faced by Behn during her time. Perhaps one ofShow MoreRelated`` The Rover `` By Aphra Behn1445 Words   |  6 Pages Between the classifications of virgin and prostitute lay a void, not a range; one could give the entire freight or nothing. Performed in 1677, Aphra Behn s play, The Rover addresses this twofold standard, which restricted her female companions sexual cravings to the domain of religious community, massage parlor, or home. Set free in the upside down universe of Festival, her characters show the dynamic, entangled amusement required of ladies looking to secure individual satisfaction. TheRead MoreThe Rover by Aphra Behn Essay1202 Words   |  5 Pages In The Rover by Aphra Behn the reader is shown how all a woman could do during the 1600’s in Europe was sell herself through marriage or prostitution through the characters Hellena and Angellica. Both women have different views on love, sex, and marriage. Hellena is a woman who does not want to be controlled by men. It has been determined by her father and brother that she will join a nunnery, which she rejects. Hellena doesnâ⠂¬â„¢t want her desires to be controlled and feels she has the right to loveRead MoreAphra Behn - Gender Economics in the Rover3540 Words   |  15 PagesTERM PAPER Gender Economics of Restoration and Aphra Behn INTRODUCTION The Restoration era allowed women to step into what was historically an essentially masculine space, that of literary and theatrical production. As women stepped on stage, they entered a market- they were commodities displayed to attract a larger crowd towards the theatre. Thus even though through writing or acting a woman could gain financial independence, unlike men they weren’t selling their work, they were ostensiblyRead MoreGender Stereotypes By Aphra Behn  ¬Ã‚ ¥ s The Rover Essay927 Words   |  4 PagesGender Stereotypes in Aphra Behn ´s The Rover The social and sexual freedom that came with the Puritan Protectorate in 1660 did not apply for women. Instead, there was a double standard for men and women. Men had all liberties they wanted to have, but for women there were still only three roles: Nun, prostitute or wife (Goodson, para. 1). Aphra Behn picks up on this issue in her play The Rover, which premiered on March 24, 1677. Certainly, the play contains powerful female characters like HellenaRead MoreThe Feminist: Aphra Behn Essay786 Words   |  4 Pagescentury a writer named Aphra Behn emerged as leader in English literature. With a shaky beginning, Behn persevered to become the first female professional writer. With her feminist opinions, she revolutionized writing and her impacts in the 17th century would change modern day writing. Behn was a clever writer who wrote lively, vibrant plays and poetry. Behn impacted the world, not only with her writing, but also with her determination and voice about her feminist opinion s. Behn showed strength andRead More A Patriarchic Society in Aphra Behns The Rover Essay1105 Words   |  5 PagesSociety in Aphra Behns The Rover In her play The Rover, Aphra Behn uses the treatment of women to suggest the presence of a strong patriarchic society and what harm can become of it. The main female character Florinda is manipulated, used, and treated horribly by men in instances of near-rape, battering and beating, and foul language among other things. Behn also uses Willmore, one of the main male characters, and his attitude towards women to prove her point. By doing this, Behn is suggestingRead MoreThe Rover Analysis2460 Words   |  10 PagesIn Aphra Behns â€Å"The Rover,† characters define relationships as a type of economy where value and use are key. This time period commodified love and sexuality, valuing financial success over meaningful relationships. The dowry system made rich women with a high status most desirable for marriage and their value was increased by their honor. Typical of seventeenth century literature, Behn plays with this ideology as â€Å"the language of love in Restoration co medies frequently draws on the language ofRead MoreResearch Paper : Aphra Behn1320 Words   |  6 PagesMaia Davis Orlando/4A English 2302 Research Paper: Aphra Behn In a time when very few authors - let alone female authors - could support themselves through their craft, Aphra Behn was a well known and highly regarded writer in London. She wrote many plays for the London stage, penned poetry, and wrote what some consider the first English novel (though others consider it a novella or a somewhat long short story). Much of her work decries the unequal treatment of women in her era, and she sufferedRead More Aphra Behns Oroonoko as the First Modern Novel Essay1294 Words   |  6 Pagesmatter the quality, publications written by women were typically ridiculed by their male contenders.   However, a handful of women defied the common standards and were prosperous; one of these was Aprha Behn.   Virgina Wolf says of Behn, All women together ought to let flowers fall upon the tomb of Aphra Behn, for it was she who earned them the right to speak their minds.   Although she was a woman of outstanding accomplishments, one of her publications truly g listens.   Oroonoko (1688), the epic tale ofRead MoreAnalysis Of The Poem Elin Diamond 757 Words   |  4 Pageslarger dowry s to attract more beneficial suitors. The unexpected side effect of these actions led to a change in how men would look at women. Women no longer were looked at as potential lovers or ladies but rather price tags and financial benefit. Aphra recognized this idea and Elin explains in her play how this new identity was reflected in The Feigned Courtesans. The women seek to be rid of their attachments to the patriarchal policies of selling their daughters into slavery to other men for pure

Father Of Internet Technology Essay Example For Students

Father Of Internet Technology Essay Evaluation of Craig Brockmans Assignment by Eric Becker (05/22 05:40 PM) Grade: ACraig H. BrockmanInstructor: Eric BeckerCollege Writing9 May 2000Dr. Leonard Kleinrock:Father of Internet TechnologyMost every work of human progress has carried within it the signature of one or more individuals who saw beyond the horizon, challenged convention and then, in ways large and small, forever changed our world. Some of these signatures, like Alexander Graham Bell, who invented the telephone and Thomas Edison, whose many patents include both the electric light bulb, the microphone and record player, are easily identifiable. But what about a work of human progress so complex and far-reaching that its very origins might seem untraceable? Indeed, what about the Internet? There are, of course, many individuals who have contributed to the rise and globalization of the Internet a network of networks, connecting all parts of the world electronically Yet one name stands out: Dr. Leonard Kleinrock, kn own to many as The Father of Internet Technology. It was his theory of packet-switching that led the United States government and a team of nearly 40 researchers to develop what would eventually be the worldwide communications system that is today so much a part of our lives.The Internet, what exactly is it, and where did it come from?Definitions of the Internet are varied and can be truly complicated for the common layman to understand. In its most simple form, the Internet is defined in the publication The Internet, as the Internet is the biggest computer system in the world. It is an enormous network of networks that spans the globe continuously evolving and redefining itself (Cooper 8). However, there is an official definition of the Internet by the United States government. The governing body of the Internet is called The Federal Networking Council (FNC). And on October 24, 1995 the FNC defined the Internet as a global information system that (i) is logically linked together by a globally unique address space based on the Internet Protocol (IP) or its subsequent extensions/follow-ons;(ii) is able to support communications using the Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) suite or its subsequent extensions/follow-ons, and/or other IP-compatible protocols; and(iii) provides, uses or makes accessible, either publicly or privately, high level services layered on the communications and related infrastructure described herein. (FNC) The start of the InternetDevelopment of the Advanced Research Projects Agency network (ARPAnet) started in the 1950s during the Eisenhower administration. ARPAnet was the answer to the Soviet Unions launching of Sputnik. The United States military needed a way to communicate around the military network safely and securely. They (Department of Defense) came up with a system which sent information broken down into packets of data (Cooper 12). Since the ARPAnet was a network, the question of networking would surely arise. As pointed out in a compilation edited by Brian Cooper, network is defined as a pair of computers linked together by cable so that they can share information, hardware (such as printers), and programs (12). Who is Dr. Kleinrock?Leonard Kleinrock had a very humble beginning. Born June 13, 1934 in the Borough of Manhattan in New York City. At the age of six, Leonard Kleinrock was reading a Superman comic book at his familys apartment in Manhattan, when, in the centerfold, he found plans for building a crystal radio. To do so, he needed his fathers used razor blade, a piece of pencil lead, an empty toilet paper roll, and some wire. He needed an earphone, which he promptly appropriated from a public telephone booth. The one remaining part required was something called a variable capacitor. For this, young Leonard convinced his mother to take him on the subway down to Canal Street, the center for radio electronics. In one of the stores, he asked the clerk for a variable capacitor. After some debate about the size, which forced the six-year old to confess his inexperience, the clerk sold him just what he needed. When free music came through the earphones-without batteries, without power-an engineer was born (Segaller 32). Imagine two students, one depressed and one not, w EssayTodays InternetIn the early 1980s the American military split away from ARPAnet, leaving what became known as the Internet (Cooper 12). ARPAnet was the actual beginning of the World Wide Web and the Internet. Due to its now capitalist commercial scheme of the Internet, it is ironic that the development and unforeseen improvement of the world-wide economy came as a response from the United States government to the Soviet Unions because of the launching of a rocket that carried a dog into space. The Internet has become a common place in our society. It is as common as the telephone or the automobile. The simple ease of communicating with strangers across the world in a matter of seconds, that once took weeks by regular mail. Even shopping on the Internet from the comfort of our own homes is an everyday occurrence. These are things that we shouldnt take for granted, and these are things that we can now thank the inventors, personally through another invention of theirs, Electronic Mail (e-mail). Dr. Kleinrock: The Father of Internet TechnologySimply put, without the most important contribution of packet switching by Dr. Kleinrock, the Internet would more than likely not exist today. Over the years there has been great advances in computer technology. This has been mostly accomplished by the partnership of other engineers throughout the world communicating with one another through the use of Internet. This type of communication would not have come without the ingenious theory of Dr. Kleinrocks theory. So one must ask oneself, If not for the immediate communication that the Internet gives us, would we (the world) be this technically advanced without the Internet? In literature that there is on the Internet, there is always a mention of Dr. Kleinrock. Our children and our childrens children will know of nothing less than the luxury of having the Internet available to them at anytime of day or night. The simple ease of communicating with strangers across the world in a matter of seconds, that once took weeks by regular mail. These are things that we shouldnt take for granted, and these are things that we can now thank the inventors, personally. I was able to contact Dr. Kleinrock. I wanted to inform him that I was doing a research thesis on his invention, using the same invention to relay this information. I would say this would be the equivalent of calling Mr. Bell on the phone, or even driving my car to Mr. Ford, and thanking them for their wonderful gifts to mankind. Dr. Kleinrock is one of many men that put in place this fabulous tool. One thing we must remember, as with all other tools of man, we should not abuse it or take it for granted. It was an honor for me to do this thesis and actually communicate with the Father of the Internet Technology. BibliographyWorks CitedCooper, Brian, ed. The Internet. New York. 1996: 8-12. Kleinrock, Leonard. Inventor of the Internet Technology. http://www.lk.cs.ucla.edu. Segaller, Stephen. Nerds 2.0.1 A Brief History of the Internet. New York: TV Books, 1998: 32-69. United States. Federal Networking Council. FNC Resolution: Definition of Internet. October 24, 1995. Last accessed April 20, 2000. . University of California, Los Angeles. The Birth of the Internet. August 27, 1996. Last accessed April 27, 2000. Thesis and Dissertations