Determining the Energy Requirements of an Individual

The determination of patients’ energy needs is important in the clinical practice since the balance between energy intake and expenditure has important implications to the patient’s health, as well as underfeeding and overfeeding. However, identifying the patients’ energy expenditure and designing adequate nutritional support for them can be a task, and measurements and estimative calculations are currently used in the clinical setting for this purpose1,2. Determining the energy requirements of an individual may be difficult since many factors are involved – such as age, gender, body composition, physical activity, nutritional status, illness and the goals of the nutritional treatment. As there are no methods which could involve all these factors, dietitians have to be careful and carry a clinical judgement when determining these requirements ³. Energy expenditure is characterized by the number of kcal used by the human body per day. In healthy individuals, energy expenditure can be divided into basal metabolic rate (BMR), thermic effect of food and physical activity. In not so physically active individuals or hospitalized individuals, the BMR is by far the largest component of total daily energy expenditure, accounting for around 60-75% of total expenditure1,2,3,4. It’s the energy required to maintain the organism functions, temperature and survival and, in healthy individuals, it can vary according to differences in body composition (fat free mass proportion), weight,Show MoreRelatedThe Earth s Land Resources Essay965 Words   |  4 Pagesprinciples of green building is to make use of existing building sites, rather refurbished than do not rebuild, so in this way it can save land resources; building orientation in determining the time to consider the use of shading, air can flow in during summer to lower the temper ature of the building, and in the winter use solar energy for heating. 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